Ruined foundation of pharaonic-era building at Memphis Reconstructed ruins of the old Pharaonic capital of Memphis. The city was called Men-nefer, or, as the Greeks later called it, Memphis. Or Lower Egypt, decided to build the new capital on the border between the Site was chosen because Menes, not wanting to look like he was favoring Upper His capital at a place just a few miles to the southwest of modern Cairo. Pharaoh, named Menes, who unified Upper and Lower Egypt and established The ancient Egyptian legends speak of the first Upper Egypt is upriver, even though Lower Egypt is north of Upper Egypt. Was the easiest means of orientation: hence, Lower Egypt is down river and To them, the direction of the river's flow Ancient Egyptians who sailed the river did not have The two tributaries join at Khartoum, in the Sudan,Īnd from there the river flows from south to north until it reaches the Mediterranean Tana in Ethiopia, and the White Nile, which has its source at Lake Victoria The Nile River is actually the result of theĬonfluence of two tributaries: the Blue Nile, which has its source at Lake
Too precious to use for anything other than growing crops. It was after the ancient period came to an end that the practice Were built at the edge of the desert, so that they would remain dry during Would flood every year, temples and palaces and most of the important constructions The west side, where the sun set, was associated with death. The east side, where the sun rose, was associated with birth and life, while Whereas the majority of the tombs were built on the west side of the river. The vast majority of the cities were located on the east side of the river, The Nile was also an important trade route -īoat travel up and down the river was the easiest way to get people and thingsĮgyptian civilization developed along the river. The yearly flooding of the Nile was the most important factor Since theĭays of the Pharaohs, the Nile has been the main source of Egypt's waterįor agriculture. Herodotus once said that "Egypt is the gift of the Nile," a phrase whichĭescribes how much Egypt relied - and still relies - on the Nile. Is "Upper Egypt" south and "Lower Egypt" north? Shouldn't it be the otherĪnswer to this question is related to the Nile River. 'small' pyramid of Menkaura (Mycerinus) and tributary pyramid
Of the country) and Lower Egypt (which is the northern part of the country, Legend has it that, from the time of creation,Įgypt was divided into two vast kingdoms: Upper Egypt (which is in the south The Cairo area was not deserted during theĪncient Egyptian period, however. These structures were built by a chain of successive pharaohs in a line from Remaining necropolis, which included funerary temples as well as the Sphinx. The pyramids at Giza are part of the largest
Guard over vast "cities of the dead," or necropoles (singular: necropolis). Temples visited by the living they were temples to the dead. However, as we begin our story of Cairo, we see that the world of Ancient Egypt does not have a great impact on the Cairo area.ĭahshur are located just outside of Cairo, these vast monuments were not The mention of the word conjures up images of pyramids and temples, hieroglyphs and elaborately carved tombs, and the golden treasures of King Tutankhamun.
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